Chinese President Xi Jinping met with Cheng Li-wun, a top Taiwanese opposition member, in Beijing on Friday. Cheng is the first Kuomintang (KMT) leader to lead a party delegation to mainland China for a week in more than a decade.
The encounter is being widely observed throughout the world, as the Chinese leader has stepped up efforts to reunify Taiwan, rigidly implementing its One-China policy since taking office in 2012 and making it a top military and diplomatic priority.
China claims Taiwan as part of its territory and promises to reconnect it with the mainland.
Here are the major topics that were discussed during the meeting:
China and Taiwan should work together to "avoid war" Cheng Li-wun informed Xi during the meeting.Cheng informed Xi that she hoped that through both parties' efforts, the Taiwan Strait would no longer be a source of possible conflict, and that it would not become a "chessboard for outside forces to intervene in".
She emphasised that both sides of the strait should continue to develop and build institutionalised and long-term systems for conversation and collaboration.
Xi Jinping stated that he was "full of confidence" that the Chinese and Taiwanese people would be unified during a rare meeting.
"The general trend of countrymen on both sides of the Strait drawing closer, leaning closer, and uniting will not alter. This is an unavoidable aspect of history. We are fully confident in this."

Xi warned Cheng that today's world is not fully peaceful, and peace is valuable.
"Compatriots on both sides of the strait are all Chinese - people of one family who want peace, development, exchange, and cooperation," he stated, according to Taiwan television stations.
"This is the shared voice of our people. The leaders of our two parties are convening today to ensure the peace and stability of our common motherland, to promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations, and to provide future generations with a bright and beautiful future."
Meanwhile, China refuses to speak with Taiwanese President Lai Ching-te, accusing him of being a "separatist".Lai Ching-te's administration has asked Cheng Li-wun to pressure China to end its threats, arguing that Beijing should instead engage directly with Taiwan's democratically elected government in Taipei.